Value of the Biopsychosocial Model of Health

Value of the Biopsychosocial Model of Health Various approaches of rehabilitation based on scientific models are implemented to cope with disabilities, impairments, diseases (Lorenzo, M, 1999, p.1). Before the implementation of Biopsychosocial model, Biomedical model was traditionally practised and heavily used upon assessing patient. (Engel, 1977, p.130). Engel (1977, p.131) states that biomedical model illustrates the alteration of particular biochemical is commonly assessed in a specific diagnosis in relevant to the pattern of the disease. He also mentioned that additional concepts and frames of reference should be taken into account. Biopsychosocial model is said to be an improved model than biomedical model as it is a way of examining patients at the two important interlinked systems: mind-body connection. (Engel, 1977, p.132). This model was proposed by psychiatrist George Engel in a 1977 article in Science. This biopsychosocial model treats patients from biological, psychological and sociological aspects of body (Lakhan, 2006). Unlike biomedical model, psychological and sociological was not being emphasised as it solely examine the biological aspect (Erskine et al, 2003, p.173). The most obvious dissimilarity of Biopsychosocial model than Biomedical model is that Biopsychosocial model encourages patients active participation whilst Biomedical model is not much a model which promotes patient-centred care in terms of appreciating the individual needs and right of patients, understanding patients illness and health care experiences, and embracing them within effective relationships which enable patients to participate in clinical reasoning more (Ersser, 2008, p.68). Biopsychosocial model approach was used during a clinical placement; Mdm. C went for her first treatment in physiotherapy department after being referred case from an orthopaedics doctor to a physiotherapist. Mdm. C is a 56 years old housewife who is diagnosed with shoulder osteoarthritis. Shoulder osteoarthritis typically affects patients over 50 years old and it is more common in patients who have a history of prior shoulder injury as well as genetic predisposition (Cluett, 2009). Mdm. C was having language barrier with the physiotherapist responsible, Mr. S as she is incompetent in speaking English and Malay. Immediately, Mr. S finds another assistant who is able to communicate to her in Mandarin (Chinese). Despite the barrier faced, Mdm. C was greeted nicely by the Mr. S. Based on the physicians report, Mdm. Cs condition fulfilled the symptoms of shoulder osteoarthritis: inflammation and degeneration of cartilage, pain with activities, limited range of motion, stiffness of the sh oulder, swelling of the joint, tenderness around the joint, and a feeling of grinding or catching within the joint (Cluett, 2009). Both objective and subjective assessment is carried out to initiate the treatment as well as to identify and confirm the biological aspects. (Petty, 2004) While assessing Mdm. C subjectively, Mr. S communicates with Mdm. C whole-heartedly, questioning her about her background, her career, social life, daily habitual routines. Petty and Moore (2007, p. 130) states that this would ease the physiotherapist to investigate more about the initial cause of the deformity as well as to treat her effectively in achieving the short-term and permanent goal in rehabilitation. Physiotherapist practised active listening while listen with heart of compassion, patience and without any judgmental view. Physiotherapist should also choose words carefully and meaningfully without stepping into patients borderline by using open-ended questions to search for information until full understanding is achieved. Sensitive verbal and non-verbal communication is witnessed throughout the session (Petty and Moore, 2007, p.130). Physiotherapists attempt to enquire more about Mdm. C is successful as Mdm. C became more comfortable in exposing and describing more about her complains of pain. This indirectly allows the physiotherapist to gather more information for a better rehabilitation outcome at ease. Engel (1977, p.130) states that more information needs to be gathered during consultation as physiotherapists need to find out about the patients biological signs, psychological state, their feelings and beliefs about the illness, and social factors such as their relationship with families and larger community. Thus, the interview process acts as a mean for the patient to give as much information as possible not solely based on physical symptoms, but how the illness affects the patient. (Engel, 1977, p.130) Physiotherapist started the objective assessment with the examination of posture of Mdm. C in sitting and standing, noting the posture of the shoulders, head and neck, thoracic spine and upper limbs. Physiotherapist notes bony and soft tissue contours around the region. He checked the alignment of the head of humerus with the acromion as this can give clues about the possible mechanical insufficiencies. Mr. S pinch-grips the anterior and posterior aspects of the humerus, passively corrects any asymmetry to determine its relevance to the Mdm. Cs problem (Petty, 2006, p. 212). Objective assessments are accompanied by other tests and after all been carried out, Mr. S had drafted out the treatment plan for Mdm. C. Mr. S then carefully and slowly explained the treatment to Mdm. C and set a short-term goal for her as it would not be a burden for Mdm. C in short duration. Mdm. C also benefits from getting a better idea of her conditions, treatment alternatives, and expected improvements. Sullivan (2007, p.11) states that anticipated goal and expected outcome can address in predicted change in overall health, risk reduction, and prevention and optimization of patient satisfaction. He also states that this would further encourage faster recovery. Mr. S then applied hot packs on Mdm. Cs shoulder as heat helps to prepare the tissues for stretching and should be performed prior to any exercise sessions (Anderson, 2009). Time duration for 10-15 minutes are used for the treatment and several layering were used to wrap to hot pack to avoid burning of skin. Thermo therapy is believed to relax muscle tightness and to relief pain, reduce muscle spasm, and increases blood circulation (Inverarity, 2005). Mr. S then teaches Mdm. C simple exercises to facilitate her restricted movements. Before starting the treatment, Mr. S demonstrated the exercise slowly and gave short, clear and easy-to-understand instructions and explanations about the treatment without using scientific jargons and labels to enhance the understanding of Mdm. C as wells as to minimize the emotional distress (O Sullivan and Precin, 2007, p.56). This consider patients empowerment into account as physiotherapist informed and explained the treatment options to patients before commencing the exercise onto patient herself. The exercises given are: finger walk, towel stretch, and armpit stretch. The goal of these exercises is to stretch the shoulder to the point of tension without pain (Anderson, 2009). Mr. S monitored Mdm. Cs psychological aspects properly by observing Mdm. Cs facial expression and body language. Facial expressions act as an indicator of patients psychological affection(Petty, 2004). It would somehow affect the quality of exercises performed by patient. By observing patients facial expression, it tells physiotherapist how they are feeling while doing exercises and whether they are comfortable doing it or not (Petty, 2004). For instance, if Mdm. C feels like giving up due to fatigue and disappointment doing exercises, Mr. S would act as a motivator to motivate her to continue her efforts by encouraging and supportive words like, Dont stop, youre almost there, Keep going, youre doing very well, You can do it, its easy, Hang in there, just a while more, Youre doing very good, come lets finish it together, this indirectly would comfort the patients psychological discomforts and motivate her to be on the right track. Mr. S enquired again, if Mdm. C is comfortable with t he given exercises to ensure that Mdm. C knows what she is doing and why is she feeling this way, and how does she cope with it if she feels like giving up due to tiredness. These covered the psychological aspects (Petty and Moore, 2007, p. 131). Though Mdm. C came alone for this treatment, she was encouraged by both Mr. S and his assistant who are competent in Mandarin throughout the session. Thus, Mdm. C knows that she is not doing it alone. When the treatment session is over, Mr. S gave Mdm. C few sheets of paper containing the exercises she did earlier. Mr. S contacted Mdm. Cs nearest kin, her daughter to stress the importance of home exercises and to ensure that Mdm. C constantly does that at home, as well as to encourage the family members to participate in the exercises in helping Mdm. C to improve her muscle strength and relieve the symptoms. Mr. S educates the family members about precaution and safety at home. Mr. S strongly encouraged family members to accompany Mdm. C for her next scheduled treatment so to overcome the language barrier and to make the family involved. These cover the sociological aspects of treatment. Sullivan, (2007, p. 52) states that Social support helps the increased of self-esteem, adjusting and adapting oneself with disability. Biopsychosocial model takes into consideration of patients involvement in treatment, patients needs, and patients relationship with clinician during a clinical practise as this model comprises the biological, psychological, sociological aspects of a patient. To conclude, biopsychosocial model is practical, applicable, and agreeable as it brings enormous improvements on patients condition. (1497 words)

Savings Account

HSBC is one of the biggest financial institutions in the world. It provides banking and other financial services to its clients across the globe. Because of this, HSBC have come up with a suitable slogan stating, â€Å"We are the world's local bank. † Furthermore, its headquarters is located in London but its group of global networks expands to more than 9,500 in 86 countries in North and South America, Africa, Europe, Asia and the Middle East. One of HSBC’s advantages over the others is that it has able to utilize technology and e-commerce to be able to meet the comprehensive needs and wants of its diverse clients (HSBC, 2009). Moreover, owning a house is the ultimate dream for some people. For many individuals with meager to average income, buying a house is a long and costly process. But due to the existence of banks, the dream of owning a house can become a reality. With HSBC, there are numerous ways on how people can save money to buy a house. In line with this, HSBC offers the Regular Saver account wherein customers can avail of a fixed rate ranging from 1 to10% monthly which is calculated based on the â€Å"daily cleared balance and paid on first anniversary of account opening. † More so, this type of account prevents any partial withdrawal which can help clients to save more money. Also, individuals can conveniently apply for this product through phone or to the nearest HSBC branch. For as low as ?250 a month, customers can open their savings account at HSBC and in the succeeding months they can increase their deposit to gain more profit. For example, â€Å"a total of ?3,000 will be paid into your account during the 12 month term. At 10% interest, you will earn approximately ?163 interest. † The features of the account aid in facilitating a better method of increasing the money saved by the clients Through HSBC’s Regular Saver account, average income earning individuals can save enough money for at least a year in order to pay for the deposit when buying for a house (HSBC, 2009). References HSBC. (2009). About HSBC. Retrieved March 30, 2009, from http://www.hsbc.com/1/2/about-hsbc HSBC. (2009). Regular Saver. Retrieved March 30, 2009, from http://www.hsbc.co.uk/1/2/personal/savings/regular-saver;jsessionid=0000xLn6IU4OahZ1KqVs5ZY47h5:12c58n73a

Essay on Analysis of the Poem A Prayer in Spring by Robert...

Many people view spring as a season of tremendous beauty, which it is, though people never take the time to thank the creator for the majesty he has put into our world. This poem talks about the fact that we, as people, would like to have a spring without any struggle or wrong doings. We must enjoy the simple things in life. Just as spring passes just as the joyous times in our life may pass. We are asking God to give us the perfect spring and in return we will give him our thanks. In the poem â€Å"prayer in spring† by Robert Frost, the importance of living in the moment and being grateful for the gifts God has blessed us with is expressed through the use similes, metaphors, and imagery. Frost uses a plethora of figurative language to help†¦show more content†¦The use of the metaphor allows the author to say one thing while meaning another. In â€Å"A Prayer in Spring† the bird is â€Å"[t]he meteor that thrusts† (11). The darting bird and the meteor share so many characteristics. Meteors fly through the night sky as a bird darts through the spring air. A meteor is very rare and valued just as this bird is. The color of a meteor is vibrant and unique just as the bird that is being depicted in â€Å"A Prayer in Spring†. There is also a hint of irony in this metaphor because the bird, which is such a delicate thing, is being compared to the meteor, which is very destructive. The â€Å"uncertain harvest†(3) is a metaphor for the goals, which have not yet been achieved. According to Tim Peters â€Å"we are represented by the needle-billed bird, the perennially white flowers represent God, and the â€Å"happy bees† flying about the â€Å"perfect trees† represent the substance of our universe† (peter 3). He believes that each figure in the poem is a metaphor for something other than what it is said to be. Imagery is used to show the beauty of spring, and the wonderful things God has created for us to enjoy. Frost paints a picture of a perfect spring in our heads. He starts the poem by placing the image of a field of flowers in our minds: â€Å"[o]h, give us pleasure in the flowers to-day† (1). Throughout the whole poem Frost uses descriptive words to carefully describe the spring God has given us. The quote â€Å"[t]he swarm dilating

Teaching Problems - 15782 Words

PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS AND THE PROBLEMS FACED WITH TEACHING THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE An analysis of the obstacles in the way of effective pupil-centred teaching and learning of the English language in Tanzanian government primary school with recommendations Katy Allen MBE Director, Village Education Project Kilimanjaro Presented at The Forum on Community of Practice of Learner Centred Learning in Tanzania held at the Tanzanian Episcopal Conference Centre, Kurasini 18th – 19th August 2008 PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS AND THE PROBLEMS FACED WITH TEACHING THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. An analysis of the obstacles in the way of effective pupil-centred teaching and learning of the English language in Tanzanian government primary schools with†¦show more content†¦The textbooks need to set out many more classroom activities and exercises. The greatest need is for the teachers’ books to be in Swahili. This would be in-line with most other countries where the teachers’ materials are in the native language, or L1. For instance, in England teachers who teach French have all their teachers’ materials in English. This is essential if they are to understand the instructions and explanations. It is pretentious and suicidal in Tanzania to continue to give the teachers’ materials in English when Swahili is the commonly understood language. –2– Another problem is the lack of differentiation between the pupils and the allocation of teachers. There is urgent need to differentiate between the younger pupils and the older pupils; partly because of the pupils’ developmental stages but also because of the allocation of teachers. Thus pre-primary, Standard I and Standard II pupils have teachers who are with them all day long and the teachers allocated to those pupils tend to have lesser subject skills than those teachers allocated to older pupils. The older pupils are taught English by teachers who have some subject knowledge, but who only teach for time-tabled 40 minute periods. These two categories deserve urgent, separate attention. Pre-primary, Standard I and Standard II pupils are only just beginning to gain literacy and numeracy skills inShow MoreRelatedTeaching And Teaching Through Problem Solving1360 Words   |  6 PagesI enjoyed talking and reading about teaching through problem solving because the way it was st ructured throughout the chapter was presented in a way that communicated its relevance to the audience. Since actively reading this chapter I’ve been able to build on my knowledge of problem solving and incorporate a few new methods into my problem solving technique. The chapter, â€Å"Teaching Through Problem Solving†, in Elementary and Middle School Mathematics Teaching Developmentally, by Walle, Karp, andRead MoreExplain The Benefits Of Teaching Problem Solving Math902 Words   |  4 PagesExplain the benefits of teaching problem solving math. It is important to teach or at least try to teach students problem solving related to math. Problem solving plays a big part in the math process. Teaching problem solving is beneficial to students because helps the students find solutions when struggling. It helps math to be more interesting and less stressful. Students see math with less negative reaction and more hope. Problem solving helps and improves student’s ability to think, solveRead MoreTeaching Session On Problem Based Learning929 Words   |  4 PagesI appreciated the opportunity to deliver a teaching session on Problem-Based Learning (PBL) for my classmates. As can be seen in Tables 1 and 2, reviews were overwhelmingly positive, with 94% of respondents indicating strong agreement or agreement, and the remaining 6% neutral. As it turned out, the act of giving the presentation was just as informative as the feedback, and provided for moments of realization on my part in the midst of activity. As can sometimes happen, even a well thought outRead MoreProblem Solving Labs Program : Teaching Critical Thinking1769 Words   |  8 Pages Summary for â€Å"THE NJCU-UMDNJ SOCIAL PROBLEM SOLVING LABS PROGRAM: Teaching Critical Thinking in the Jersey City Public Schools† This program was designed to teach children about improving and using their critical thinking skills not only in their schoolwork, but also in their own personal lives and scenarios (e.g., conflict resolution, drug use, and violent behavior). The NJCU-UMDNJ (New Jersey City University – University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey) is a collaboration between theseRead MoreImportance Of Pattern Based Problem Solving As A Prerequisite For Algebra Teaching Essay1337 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction In this paper, I will discuss the importance of pattern based problem solving as a prerequisite to algebra teaching. I will present a real-world task that students will encounter in a secondary, introductory algebra class. Solving problems involving patterns is essential to students’ ability to make generalizations. Such generalizations open the door to algebraic thinking and student understanding of algebraic variables, expressions, and equations. Literary Review Herbert and BrownRead MoreEssay about A Problem-Based Approach to Teaching about Pollution2037 Words   |  9 PagesA Problem-Based Approach to Teaching about Pollution Science is a very important subject for students to study in middle school. It is â€Å"More than a body of knowledge or a set of answers, science is a way of thinking about the world† (Beamon 20). Science forces students to think critically about ethical issues, such as pollution. This is often difficult for students because they must make the jump from the narrow parameters of their own lives to the issues that affect many people living onRead MoreTeaching Mathematical Problem Solving Math, Technology Education, And Special Education989 Words   |  4 PagesHung, Y. H., Danneker, J. (2004). Teaching Mathematical Problem Solving to Middle School Students in Math, Technology Education, and Special Education Classrooms.RMLE Online: Research in Middle Level Education, 27(1), 1-17. There were two instructional approaches, Enhanced Anchored Instruction (EAI) and text-based instruction (TBI), compared in this study. Both teaching methods were used to teach sixth-grade middle school students how to solve math problems in technology, special education classesRead MoreA Talk About Oral English Teaching Problems and Solutions5798 Words   |  24 PagesIntroduction 1 Theoretical Framework 2 1.1 The requirements of the New English Curriculum Standard 3 1.2 Foreign language methodologies 4 1.3 The second language acquisition 5 1.4 Motivations for junior students’ English learning 5 2. Causes of the problems 6 2.1 Students’ factors in their oral English learning 6 2.1.1 Linguistic factors that influence students’ oral English learning 7 2.1.1.1 Weak basic language knowledge of the students 7 2.1.1.2 Language itself 7 2.1.2Read MoreProblems and Perspectives in Teaching English in Mixed Ability Classrooms2784 Words   |  12 PagesPROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES IN TEACHING ENGLISH IN MIXED ABILITY CLASSROOMS (M.SENTHILKUMAR,VMKV ENGINEERING COLLEGE,SALEM) All children are born with potential and we cannot be sure of the learning limits of any child (Robert Fisher, 2001:1) Presently, the English language teachers throughout the world keep on buzzing a word that their students are in mixed level. In the past teachers may well have said that the problem was just that some students were cleverer or simply ‘better’ than others inRead MoreTeaching Methods For Students With Learning With Cooperative Learning, Peer Tutoring And Problem Based Learning1225 Words   |  5 PagesTeaching methods in higher education have developed significantly in recent years as it transitioned from traditional forms, in which teachers are the main providers of information into methods that emphasize the participation and responsibility of the student. One of these innovative approaches is group-based learning as it involves students using their own knowledge in order to collaboratively complete tasks. Group-based learning has shown various benefits for the academic achievements and study

My Papas Waltz And Those Winter Sundays Analysis - 880 Words

Childhood is where it all begins; it’s where a child is usually looking for some sort of guidance and affection. Having an efficient relationship in a family is significantly important for proper emotional development. Fragile relationships can cause a child to hide their attitudes towards their parents, sometimes through their delusions in a drunken dance, other times through their silence. The poems My Papas Waltz, by Theodore Roethke and Those Winter Sundays, by Robert Hayden use the topic of emotionally-based childhood experiences that create a theme to signify their love for their fathers, but are displayed in different ways. The fundamental message conveyed is the importance of a father-son relationship when growing up. Each†¦show more content†¦The relationship between the fathers and the sons through their childhood memory is the bottom line connection of these poems from first glance. Nevertheless, they both love and appreciate what their fathers do for them through their contribution of hard work and labor. Referring to the graphic, â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† uses a playful and lighthearted tone, which is the opposite to â€Å"Those Winter Sundays† since it’s a sad, regretful tone, yet both are able to prove their appreciation towards their fathers. Roethke is left to hold on to the love, literally and metaphorically, when he is clinging to his father’s shirt. The son is clinging onto his father’s shirt, not wanting to let go of this moment; he is holding onto the love he has for his father even though â€Å"the whisky on [his] breath could make a small boy dizzy† (Roethke, 10). His mother is left upset about the father’s drunken actions. Roethke is creating memories with his father, where it can be inferred that he doesn’t get to see his father a lot because of the â€Å"hand that held [his] wrist was battered on one knuckle† (Roethke, 10) indicating the extensive amou nt of labor his father endures. Hayden also has a hard working father, but his gratitude is expressed in a different way. He uses a different approach to imply love and respect, mostly through his tone of regret and sadness. As a child, Hayden didn’t pay much attention toShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Theodore Roethke s My Papa s Waltz, And Robert Hayden s Those Winter Sundays925 Words   |  4 PagesIn the analysis of Theodore Roethke’s â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz,† and Robert Hayden’s â€Å"Those Winter Sundays,† both modernistic and highly respected poets similarly write with a sense of reminiscence of childhood experiences. Similarly, both poems are about a memory as a boy looking back at a specific time in their lives and the love they have for their respected fathers. A similar implication is expressed in the way of their lives not being perfect, but still remaining a humble family. This is shown withinRead MoreEssay about My Papas Waltz vs. T hose Winter Nights1521 Words   |  7 PagesRichard Koch Literature and Culture 5/6/13 Research Paper My Papa’s Waltz Vs. Those Winter Nights In â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† by Roethke and â€Å"Those Winter Sundays† by Hayden, the two narrators speak about their fathers in a way that shows there were two different sides to their fathers. One side was abusive and strict, while the other side was loving and caring. Each narrator has a different attitude toward their feelings for their fathers. Roethke has a more fun and understanding view of his

Some Factors That Lead to Success in College Free Essays

Several factors contribute to school success. A person’s experience with education early in life has a great influence on school success later on. It is vital that infants and toddlers have access to quality education from day one. We will write a custom essay sample on Some Factors That Lead to Success in College or any similar topic only for you Order Now The socioeconomic status in which one is raised has an immense effect on school success. Wealthier children have access to greater, high-quality facilities and resources while poorer children often lack the basic necessities such as proper nutrition and quality education. It is important to note that each child also contributes their own contributions to their success in school. There are cases of people who rose out of extreme poverty to achieve great academic success. Exceptional Teachers Exceptional teachers provide students with maximum encouragement, motivation, challenges and belief in themselves. Teachers who believe their students are capable of the classwork help create a self-fulfilling prophecy. The student will begin to hold the same belief of themselves and act on it. It is therefore vital that teachers, parents and caregivers send the right message to students. Students need to know that their teachers, parents and caregivers believe in them and that they are capable of academic success. Exceptional teachers create a classroom culture of high expectations. They do not hold preconceived notions about particular students but believe that all of their students are capable of reaching academic success. Parental Involvement Parental involvement is extremely important to a students academic success. Children spend most of their time at home and the environment a student comes from determines their start of academic success. If a student’s home is rich in books, that early exposure to literacy will usually mean a student starts reading early. Parents who are actively involved in their children’s education ensure that their children are doing their homework. They also encourage their children to perform well in school and speak to them about the importance of receiving an education. When parents show an interest in their children’s education this in turn sparks an interest in their children to learn. Self-Motivation Intrinsic motivation or self-motivation is another important element leading to school success. Self-motivation assumes that we are all born with the capability to learn and that learning can be an enjoyable process. Students who are self-motivated have disciplined themselves to concentrate on a task for the mere result of learning and mastering the needed skill. Students become self-motivated for many reasons. For some being self-motivated to achieve academic success will help them rise out of poverty, for others it will allow them to get into a specific college or receive an academic scholarship. Students who have a high self-esteem have a strong sense of self-motivation as they believe they are capable of academic success. Nutrition Students who eat breakfast regularly perform better academically than those who do not. Poor nutrition can have consequences such as cavities, obesity, weak bones and teeth, as well as delayed sexual maturity. Poor nutrition is defined as not eating the recommended daily servings of fruits, vegetables, and grains. Parents and teachers need to play close attention to the types of foods children eat as lack of vitamins can have severe consequences. Hobbies Self-esteem and social skills can be taught simply by encouraging students to take part in a hobby. By encouraging students to take part in a hobby builds competence in a certain skill. A hobby also allows students to build a sense of identity. Hobbies also keep a student from becoming bored. Hobbies also leave room for students to receive praises for their achievements. Read more: Factors That Lead to School Success | eHow. com http://www. ehow. com/about_5387053_factors-lead-school-success. html#ixzz1Uc85N1gw How to cite Some Factors That Lead to Success in College, Essay examples

Lord Of The Flies Chapter 8 Notes free essay sample

Lord Of The Fliess: Chapter 8 Notes Essay, Research Paper 1. The conch being artlessly blown and the fact that Piggy has merely one lens shows that society has begun to work ill. The ground for this diminution in society is Jack. Jack broke Piggy # 8217 ; s lens, and now Jack who has power, represented by the conch, does non cognize how to blow it decently. This tells us that Jack is an awkward leader who abuses power and destroys cognition. To go an expert at something, such as blowing a conch or taking a society takes clip, so this is besides important because it shows that Jack has merely late come to power. Because the conch and Piggy # 8217 ; s spectacless are crippled, cognition and power are crippled, but non yet to the full eliminated. 2. When Simon says, # 8221 ; I think we ought to mount the mountain. # 8221 ; , he means that society should suppress its frights and repossess the island. We will write a custom essay sample on Lord Of The Flies Chapter 8 Notes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When the male childs foremost founded society, one of the first things that they did was to mount the mountain and attain cognition of the island. It is of import to observe that cognition was a precedence for this early society. Climbing the mountain was besides a undertaking undertaken with great enthusiasm and the offering of hope for what their society could be. This was the extremum of their civilisation. Ever since so their society has been # 8220 ; worsening # 8221 ; or traveling # 8220 ; downhill # 8221 ; , so the mountain represents the # 8220 ; peak # 8221 ; or # 8220 ; height # 8221 ; of their civilisation. As the boys # 8217 ; civilisation fell apart, it became crude and controlled progressively by evil elements ( Jack ) . Because of this the male childs began to fear a animal. The animal was a symbol of this death and an obstruction to the return of glorification. I say that the animal is an obstruction because they now fear mounting the mountain, a mountain that symbolizes the extremum of society. When Simon says that they should mount the mountain, he is besides stating that the male childs should abandon their crude frights and return to old glorification. 3. The new fire is symbolic because it is Piggy # 8217 ; s try to reconstruct society. Piggy believes that without Jack ( immorality ) , he himself ( cognition and civility ) can thrive. The first measure that Piggy decides to take is the building of a new fire. The fire represents the domination and use of nature and hence the return to civility. It is of import to observe that the fire is in a new location. The new fire represents a new society engineered by Piggy and founded upon cognition. The fire besides represents a new hope ; the hope that the new society will thrive, the hope that Jack # 8217 ; s followings will rejoin society, and the hope that they will be rescued. 4. Many people believe that the flood tide of the narrative is when the sow is killed. When the male childs kill the sow they take the concluding measure towards savageness. Old society # 8217 ; s ways and civility held Jack ( immorality ) , back from killing another life animal earlier in the book, but now everything alterations as an full cabal of society non merely kills the sow, but celebrates the achievement. Society # 8217 ; s ethical motives have shifted, and the load of guilt no longer exists, leting them to make precisely as they please without sing the demands of each other or anything else. At this point Jack and his male childs have become wholly barbarous. The mode in which the male childs kill the hog is barbarous and barbarian besides ; they no longer hold any regard for another life animal. The sow is most likely pregnant and this tells us that the male childs would blow the lives of its piggies and possibly waste the lives of its piggy s and the hereafter meat that they would likely provide in their blind lecherousness for blood. A civilised society would carefully choice which animate beings to butcher because of moral and economic concerns. The cabal of society that killed the hog no longer discusses and arguments issues, but alternatively relies on its natural desires. 5. When the Lord of the Flies says that the animal is portion of Simon, he is stating that the animal is a portion of homo nature. The animal, nevertheless, is merely symbolic and hence does non be as a portion of Simon or in humanity. By stating that the animal is portion of Simon, the Lord of the Flies subtly states that humanity is comprised in portion by all of its immoralities. It is besides true that the # 8220 ; beast # 8221 ; is portion of Simon, because Simon, being human, has the ability to conceive of and contrive his ain frights. The animal is fabricated and can non harm the male childs, yet they still fright it. As intelligence is mankind # 8217 ; s gift, and possibly it can be rational and ignore such farcical thoughts of animals and other such baseless frights ( as Piggy attempted to make earlier ) , it is besides mankind # 8217 ; s load. Other animals do non hold the capacity to fear things that do no affect that at a present minute in clip. Merely mankind invents animals, causes evil and injury without cause, and frights decease. It is besides relevant that Simon is the religious facet of this novel. Simon has known that the animal is fabricated and possibly even the truth about what it symbolizes. Because society has gone so far with the construct of a # 8220 ; beast # 8221 ; and the frights and immoralities that it represents, all parts of society, even Simon # 8217 ; s, have become septic. 6. The Lord of the Flies is the forfeit that the male childs made to the animal. The animal, of class, represents their ain immoralities, frights and other undesirables, therefore the Lord of the Fliess represents the old society that has died because of these things. The last line of chapter eight is stating us that Simon, who portrays the spiritualty in society, has now been swallowed by the frights and immoralities of his society that has deteriorated to such an extent as to non merely make a # 8220 ; beast # 8221 ; , but to go it. Simon is the weakest member in this society, as is spiritualty, shown by his continual fainting. After he is swallowed by the animal and swoons, spiritualty on the island is coming really near to deceasing. Golding is seeking to state us that spiritualty is the weakest facet of a society. Even as faith is prevailing in many societies, it becomes dominated non by persons seeking enlightenment, but by corruptness and dictatorship, as happened in mediaeval times. Religion frequently is manipulated by those in power and abused as a tool to command the hapless through methods such as fright tactics. Basically, the spiritualty people are born with is necessarily controlled and manipulated because it is weak and ill-defined. I believe that Simon does non so much represent a individual set of spiritual beliefs, but more the Godhead spiritualty, lovingness, and forgiveness that we are born with. Possibly the book is every bit much about the affects of society on an person individual as it is approximately society as a whole. When the pestilence that society frequently creates infects a individual, such as Simon, the individual # 8217 ; s spiritualty is easy conquered and replaced by immoralities and fright. I hence believe that this book can be examined on two graduated tables ; the male childs stand foring society, and the male childs each stand foring the person characters which as a whole comprise and compete for high quality of the human mind.